sexta-feira, 3 de outubro de 2014

New map shows world's seafloor in unprecedented detail

 

A new map of the seafloor is twice as accurate as the previous version (Image: David Sandw...

A new map of the seafloor is twice as accurate as the previous version (Image: David Sandwell, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego)

Image Gallery (7 images)

Given they aren't covered by oceans, it's maybe not so surprising that we know more about the topography of the Moon and Mars than we do about Earth's ocean depths. But researchers have evened the score at least a little with the creation of a new map of the world's seafloor. Twice as accurate as the previous version produced almost 20 years ago, the new map details thousands of previously uncharted mountains and provides new clues on the formation of the continents.

The new map's accuracy is thanks to improved remote sensing instruments and access to two previously untapped streams of satellite data. These come from the ESA's CryoSat-2, which is usually focused on monitoring polar ice volume but also operates continuously over the oceans, and NASA's Jason-1, which was redirected to map Earth's gravity field during the last year of its 12-year mission. Data from these satellites was combined with existing data and used to develop a scientific model that captures gravity measurements on the ocean seafloor.

The end result is a map that has revealed details of thousands of undersea mountains that reach a kilometer (0.6 mi) or more from the ocean floor, providing geophysicists with new tools to analyze ocean spread centers and remote ocean basins, and shedding new light on the tectonics of the deep oceans.

"The kinds of things you can see very clearly now are abyssal hills, which are the most common land form on the planet," said David Sandwell, lead scientist of the study and a geophysics professor in the Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP) at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

The map has also revealed for the first time newly exposed continental connections across South America and Africa, and new evidence for seafloor spreading ridges at the Gulf of Mexico that were active 150 million years ago, but are now buried by a layer of sediment 1.6 km (1 mi) thick.

"One of the most important uses of this new marine gravity field will be to improve the estimates of seafloor depth in the 80 percent of the oceans that remains uncharted or is buried beneath thick sediment," the authors say in the report.

The new map will also allow the forthcoming new version of Google's ocean maps to fill large voids between depth profiles provided by shipboard surveys.

The video below details the new map, which can be accessed here.

Source: Scripps Institution of Oceanography

 

Canon Pixma MG7520 Photo All-in-One Inkjet Printer

 

mg7520.jpg - Canon

Canon Pixma MG7520 photo printer.  Canon

About.com Rating

I’ve said time and time again that few, if any, photo printers turn out images with the aplomb of Canon’s higher-end, six-ink Pixma “MG” photo printers (MG is the company’s all-in-one photo printer designation, where MX signifies an office-, or business-ready AIO). As has been the case for a while now, every year or so, the Japanese imaging giant releases at least one “new” printer based on this ink system, but what they really come down to are essentially the same printer—or at least the same print engine inside. So, what you get is essentially the same machine with some feature add-ons.

This practice, adding onto and updating the current printer, slapping a new name on it, and then offering it up as this year’s latest and greatest, is certainly not uncommon. Besides, since Canon’s six-ink imaging system would be difficult to improve on—quality-wise, anyway—so why mess with it?

Well, for two good reasons: As the latest six-ink Pixma, the $199.99 Pixma MG7520 Black Photo All-in-One Inkjet Printer (as well the several six-ink Pixmas before it) demonstrate, prints slower than many of the newer competing photo printers available, and its per-page cost of operation, or cost per page, is one of the highest in the business.

That said, it’s also one of the best consumer-grade photo printers, in terms of overall output quality, especially photographs, available.

Design and Features

At 17.2 inches wide, 14.6 inches from front to back, 5.5 inches tall, and weighing a slight 17.4 pounds, considering all that it does (print, scan, copy), the MG7520 just isn’t that big. It should fit on the average desktop comfortably, and at under half-a-foot high, it should slide neatly under low-hanging shelves and cabinets. And, when it’s not in use, it closes up into an attractive black, white, or burnt orange cube.

Before we get too far in to this AIO’s features, let’s talk about what it doesn’t have—namely an automatic document feeder (ADF) for feeding originals to the scanner bed without user intervention. That the MG Pixmas don’t have ADFs has always bothered me a little. If you’ve ever tried to scan or copy multipage documents without one, know that at one page at time, you’ll quickly come to appreciate the convenience and enhanced productivity.

You can connect to the MG7520 wirelessly, via Ethernet (wired), or directly to a PC via a USB cable. In addition, you can connect wirelessly via Apple’s AirPrint, Google’s Cloud Print, and Wi-Fi Direct, as well as Canon’s Pixma Printing Solutions (PPS), which allow you to manage and create all types of documents, such as calendars and greetings cards and hundreds of other types of online documents and templates you can download to the printer from the Internet and print. (For a description of the latest mobile device support, check out this About.com “Mobile Printing Features – 2014.” article)

A notable part of Pixma Printing Solutions is this Pixma’s near-field communications (NFC) PIXMA Touch & Print (Active NFC), which allows users with NFC-ready Android smartphones or tablets that are registered with PPS to simply open the PPS app, touch the NFC Tag on the top of the printer while viewing the picture, and begin printing without the need for d Wi-Fi network or router.

In addition, you can print from and scan to a number of memory card types, including SD Card and USB thumb drives. These, and many other PC-free tasks are handled from the MG7520’s context-sensitive control panel. It lights up only when the device is in use, and only then are the current, or in-context, features illuminated. When you press Copy, all you see are options for making copies—everything else stays hidden until you call to another feature that initiates another feature set.

Performance and Print Quality

As for print speed, like most Pixmas, this one is somewhat slow—especially when printing documents. The truth is, this is not a high-speed, high-volume printer. If that’s what you’re looking for, I suggest you look elsewhere, but then photo-centric printers in general aren’t known for their print speeds. Still, few $200 printers are as slow as this one.

When it comes to printing documents, even documents with embedded business graphics and photos, though, this and most other Pixmas do a decent job, with crisp-looking fonts and detailed images, if not a little slowly. This particular Pixma also printed our test photographs exceptionally well—among the best I’ve seen from a consumer-grade photo printer.

Cost Per Page

Over the many years I’ve been doing this, I’ve yet to see a consumer-grade photo printer (except for some Kodak models, near the end of that company’s solvency) with a low CPP. Folks who buy printers in this class are more inclined to care about quality, rather than the cost per page. Still, FYI, when you use Canon’s highest-yield tanks with this printer, monochrome pages will cost you about 4-and-a-half cents each, and color pages will run you just under 13 cents.

For an explanation of how choosing the wrong printer can be expensive, check out this About.com “When a $150 Printer can Cost You Thousands” article.

Keep in mind that we’re talking document pages here, not photos. Document pages are calculated on a small percentage of coverage, say 5 to 30 percent. Photographs typically cover the entire page and therefore cost considerably more to print.

Photo enthusiasts would retort that quality is the real issue here, and from that perspective, the Canon Pixma MG7520 is hands down a clear value.

(source > about.com)

Chopi Chopi: A floating "family house" megayacht with mammoth proportions

 

Originally designed as a 'family house2 for recreational use, Chopi Chopi boasts immense p...

Originally designed as a 'family house2 for recreational use, Chopi Chopi boasts immense proportions

Image Gallery (26 images)

Recently on display during the 2014 Monaco Yacht Show, CRN shipyard's Chopi Chopi boasts immense proportions and is more like a floating mansion compared to your traditional superyacht. The 80 meter (262 ft) luxury megayacht was built in collaboration with Italian architects Laura Sessa, Giovanni and Paola Zuccon and is one of the biggest of its kind. Worth over US$110 million, the entire yacht took 660,000 hours to complete and the displacement hull was built from aluminum and steel.

Originally designed as a “family house” for recreational use, Chopi Chopi includes five luxury double cabins, an exclusive owner's suite with private VIP terrace, six spacious open decks, a 100 sq m (1,076 sq ft) beach club located on the lower deck, multiple dining and lounge areas and two lifts. The floating home accommodates up to 12 guests at any one time and employs around 30 crew members and nine staff.

Chopi Chopi possesses a 100 sq m (1,076 sq ft) beach club located on the lower deck

Furthermore, the vessel features a unique circular pilot house, a day spa complete with sauna, Turkish hammam bath and massage room, and a helipad located at the stern.

Chopi Chopi features a unique circular pilot house

"We met the client, who we knew was looking for a big yacht, and presented him the project of a yacht of around 250 feet (72 m) with all the features we thought might meet his wishes both in size and style," Gianni Zuccon, head of Zuccon International Project told Boat International. "The primary criterion of the brief was that he wanted it to be a private yacht on which to spend long holidays with his large family. We found out soon that they needed more space – that meant more volume. So, working on the original concept, we incorporated higher volume and added a few meters to the total length to preserve a well-proportioned balance between hull and superstructure."

Chopi Chopi: meet the floating-house megayacht with mammoth proportions

Chopi Chopi recently took home the 2014 World Yacht Trophy, accompanying its previous awards which include: Best Interior Design Award at the Showboats Design Awards 2014 category; Judges Commendation at The World Superyachts Awards 2014 and the 2013 Boat of the Year.

Source: CRN via Boat International

 

iPhone 6 Plus vs. Samsung Galaxy S5

 

The Galaxy S5 makes the most sense as a rival to the iPhone 6, but, with a larger screen, it could match up just as easily against the iPhone 6 Plus. Join Gizmag, as we compare the two phones' features and specs.

Dimensions

The Galaxy S5 isn't quite a full-fledged phablet (try saying that ten times fast), but the iPhone 6 Plus is. So we have the iPhone coming out at 11 percent taller and 7 percent wider.

The iPhone 6 Plus, though, is much thinner. At 7.1 mm (0.28-in) thick, it has 12 percent less depth.

Weight

Weight

The smaller Galaxy S5 is also much lighter – by 16 percent.

Build

Build

The Galaxy S5 is light and comfortable in hand, but it isn't going to win on high-end build quality. The iPhone's smooth unibody aluminum design, complete with curved edges, is in a league of its own.

Colors

Colors

We're looking at three color options for the iPhone and four for the GS5.

Display (size)

Display (size)

The Galaxy S5 gives you 86 percent as much screen area as the 6 Plus does. If you're leaning in Samsung's direction and want a huge screen, though, then the Galaxy Note 4 is going to be the better choice.

Display (resolution)

Display resolution (and pixel density)

Both handsets have razor-sharp 1080p resolution. The iPhone's pixel density might look a bit less impressive on paper, but in person it's one of the best-looking smartphone displays I've seen.

Display (type)

Display (type)

We're looking at a Super AMOLED panel on the Galaxy S5, compared to an IPS on the iPhone. AMOLED screens have deeper blacks (unlike on IPS screens, pixels don't fire for black sections of the screen) and, often, deeper saturation and higher contrast.

Fingerprint sensor

Fingerprint sensor

Apple's Touch ID sensor was always faster and more convenient to use than Samsung's swipe-based fingerprint scanner. But with iOS 8 the difference is even more pronounced, as it now integrates with third-party apps.

NFC payments

NFC payments

Starting this month, iPhone 6 and 6 Plus owners will be able to pay at participating retailers by simply placing their fingers on the phone's Touch ID sensor, while holding the handset near a store's Apple Pay terminal. Your phone isn't going to replace your wallet this year, but, if Apple Pay catches on, it could eventually.

The technology is nothing new, though, as Google Wallet and Softcard (formerly Isis) have been trying to establish NFC payments for years, to very little avail.

Water resistance

Water resistance

The Galaxy S5 is a terrific phone, but I'd call this its killer feature. It can sit in 1 m (3.3 ft) of water for 30 minutes, and live to fight another day.

Heart rate sensor

Heart rate sensor

The GS5 also has a heart rate monitor on its backside.

Cameras (megapixels)

Cameras (megapixels)

The GS5 wins on the megapixel counts you see here, but they also only go so far.

I've spent plenty of time with both cameras, and think they're two of the best around. The GS5's higher resolution has it working a little better for zoomed-in or closely-cropped shots. But Samsung's camera also takes much longer to fire up, at worst making you miss the moment.

Camera (aperture)

Aperture

Both phones' rear cameras have the same ƒ/2.2 aperture.

OIS

The iPhone 6 doesn't have Optical Image Stabilization, but the 6 Plus does.

Dual LED flash

Dual LED flash

Apple likes to call it "True Tone," but it's a dual-LED flash that helps to make the iPhone's flash shots look better (more saturated and evenly lit) than they otherwise would.

Battery

Battery capacity

In our hands-on battery test, the Galaxy S5 outlasted the iPhone 6 Plus, but not by a lot. Both have very good uptimes.

Ultra Power Saving Mode

Ultra Power Saving Mode

For those times when you are just about out of juice, Samsung threw in a feature that will keep your GS5 from conking out. Ultra Power Saving Mode gives you a barebones (black & white) UI, with only a handful of available apps.

Why bother turning your expensive smartphone into something resembling a 2005-era feature phone? Because it can turn 10 percent battery into about 24 hours of uptime.

Split-screen multitasking

Split-screen multitasking

Earlier this year, it was rumored that Apple was working on a split-screen multitasking mode, but that didn't materialize in iOS 8. The GS5 does have a split-screen mode (Multi Window), though it's only compatible with a relatively small group of apps.

One-handed mode

Here we have two different approaches to using your phone with one hand: the iPhone's "Reachability" slides the top of the screen down to the bottom, while Samsung's version shrinks the entire screen.

The iPhone's mode is smoother, and feels like a more naturally-integrated part of the UI, while the GS5's mode has the advantage of shrinking the keyboard.

Infrared

Infrared

The GS5 lets you change channels on your TV (or cable/satellite box) with its built-in infrared blaster.

Storage

We're looking at three storage options for the iPhone, as well as a better value on the second tier (64 GB vs. 32 GB).

MicroSD

You can, however, complement your GS5's internal storage by popping in a microSD card.

Processor

Forget about cores and clock speeds: Apple's A8 chip is a beast, combining with iOS 8 to deliver the smoothest performance I've seen on any mobile device.

Make no mistake, though, the GS5 is an extremely fast and powerful phone, with its Snapdragon 801 CPU. The international (3G/HSPA) version has an octa-core Samsung Exynos processor in its place.

The GS5 doubles the iPhone's 1 GB of RAM, but I don't think this is any cause of concern for iPhone buyers.

Software

Apple's iOS 8 delivers fun stuff like third-party keyboards, app extensions and Notification Center widgets. The GS5 has Android 4.4 KitKat at its core, with Samsung's TouchWiz UI sitting on top.

Release date

The iPhone 6 Plus just launched, while the GS5 has been around since April.

Starting price (full retail)

As the larger of Apple's two new iPhones, we're looking at a US$100 premium over the Galaxy S5. The smaller iPhone 6 matches up evenly with Samsung's flagship.

If you keep your eyes open, though, you might be able to find Samsung's six-month-old GS5 on sale for cheaper than this.

Starting price (on-contract)

If you prefer to buy your phone subsidized with a two-year blood oath, then you're also looking at a $100 difference.

For much deeper looks at these two, you can read our full reviews of the iPhone 6 Plus and Galaxy S5.

(source > gizmag.com)

Energy drinks cause insomnia, nervousness in athletes

 


"Athletes felt they had more strength, power and resistance with the energy drink than with the placebo drink," states an expert. "However, the energy drinks increased the frequency of insomnia, nervousness and the level of stimulation in the hours following the competition."

A study analyzing the positive and negative effects of energy drinks on athletes has seen that, although in principle their sports performance was seen to improve by between 3% and 7%, there was also an increase in the frequency of insomnia, nervousness and the level of stimulation in the hours following competition.

The consumption of energy drinks has increased in recent years. In the case of athletes, the use of them before practising sport has also risen: more than 50% take them during training and even before competitions.

A four-year study carried out by experts from Camilo José Cela University (UCJC) has evaluated the positive and negative effects of energy drinks on athletes.

In the study, top footballers, climbers, swimmers and basketball, rugby, volleyball, tennis and hockey players took the equivalent of three cans of energy drink or an energy drink placebo before a sports competition.

Sporting performance was measured with the use of GPS devices which determined the distance and the speed at which it was covered in team sports. They also used dynamometers and potentiometers to measure muscle performance in other sports. Published in the 'British Journal of Nutrition', the results show that athletes increased their sporting performance by between 3% and 7%.

"What is more," as Juan Del Coso Garrigós, one of the authors of the study who is also in charge of the Exercise Physiology Laboratory at the UCJC, explains, "they ran further in team competitions, specially at higher intensities, which is related to sports performance."

Del Coso adds that "energy drinks increase jump height for basketball players, muscle force and power for climbers and trained individuals, swimming speed for sprinter swimmers, hit force and accuracy for volleyball players and the number of points scored in tennis."

Insomnia and nervousness

These studies not only measured objective parameters of sporting performance, but also asked athletes about their sensations after consuming the energy drink and measured the frequency of the side effects in comparison with the placebo drink.

"Athletes felt they had more strength, power and resistance with the energy drink than with the placebo drink," states the expert. "However, the energy drinks increased the frequency of insomnia, nervousness and the level of stimulation in the hours following the competition."

Their consumption produces an increase in the side effects typically found with other caffeinated drinks. They also found no significant differences between male and female athletes in the perception of positive sensations, nor in the apparition of side effects.

"Caffeinated energy drinks are a commercial product that can significantly increase sporting performance in many sports activities," argues Del Coso. "The increase in their consumption is probably driven by the hard advertising campaigns of energy drink companies related to sports sponsorships."

They do not provide more energy

Energy drinks mainly contain carbohydrates, caffeine, taurine and B vitamins, with little difference in the quantities and ingredients amongst the main energy drink brands.

On the contrary to that indicated by their trade name, energy drinks do not provide more energy than other soft drinks (~40 kcal/100 ml of product), but they do have an 'energising' effect related to the stimulation provided by caffeine.

In fact, none of the other ingredients present in energy drinks and in the amounts in a can of energy drink actually produces a significant effect on physical or cognitive performance.

The concentration of caffeine (32 mg/100 ml of product) present in energy drinks provides a total of 80 mg of caffeine per 250 ml can, although 500 ml cans are currently being sold.


Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by Plataforma SINC. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Juan J. Salinero, Beatriz Lara, Javier Abian-Vicen, Cristina Gonzalez-Millán, Francisco Areces, César Gallo-Salazar, Diana Ruiz-Vicente, Juan Del Coso. The use of energy drinks in sport: perceived ergogenicity and side effects in male and female athletes. British Journal of Nutrition, 2014; 1 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114514002189

 

Falling asleep: Revealing the point of transition

 


How can we tell when someone has fallen asleep? To answer this question, scientists at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a new statistical method and behavioural task to track the dynamic process of falling asleep.

Dr Michael Prerau, Dr Patrick Purdon, and their colleagues used the evolution of brain activity, behaviour, and other physiological signals during the sleep onset process to automatically track the continuous changes in wakefulness experienced as a subject falls asleep.

The study, publishing today in PLOS Computational Biology, suggests that it is not when one falls asleep, but how one falls asleep that matters. Using these methods, the authors quantified a subset of healthy subjects who behaved as though they were awake even though their brains, by current clinical definitions, were asleep.

Understanding the process of falling asleep is an important problem in neuroscience and sleep medicine. Given that current clinical methods are time-consuming, subjective, and simplify the sleep onset process in ways that limit the accuracy, the authors combine the state-of-the-art in neuroscience and signal processing to design an accurate and efficient way to characterise sleep.

The researchers replaced a standard measure, the behavioural response task, which uses sounds that can disturb sleep, with a new task centred on a subject's focused natural breathing -- an act which may even promote sleep. They modeled the physiological and behavioural changes occurring during sleep onset as a continuum that can develop gradually over time.

The identification of some subjects who continued to perform the task even though current clinical measures would say they were asleep suggests a natural variation in the way cortical and thalamic networks interact in these people.

"Ultimately, such methods could greatly improve clinicians' ability to diagnose sleep disorders and to more precisely measure the effects of sleep drugs and other medications," remarked Dr Prerau.

Future work will look to improve the understanding of the mechanisms underlying neural dynamics during sleep, as well as the development of more sophisticated diagnostic and monitoring tools.


Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by PLOS. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Michael J. Prerau, Katie E. Hartnack, Gabriel Obregon-Henao, Aaron Sampson, Margaret Merlino, Karen Gannon, Matt T. Bianchi, Jeffrey M. Ellenbogen, Patrick L. Purdon. Tracking the Sleep Onset Process: An Empirical Model of Behavioral and Physiological Dynamics. PLoS Computational Biology, 2014; 10 (10): e1003866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003866

 

Cancer-Detecting Yogurt Could Replace Colonoscopies

 

Engineered yogurt bacteria could make detecting colorectal cancer and other diseases as simple as a pregnancy test.

Why It Matters

One in 20 people in the United States develops colorectal cancer.

The strips of paper shown here can be used to detect synthetic biomarkers tied to diseases such as colorectal cancer. The lines indicate the presence of such biomarkers in urine.

A spoonful of yogurt could soon offer a cheap and simple way to screen for colorectal cancer.

Sangeeta Bhatia, a professor at MIT, is working to replace costly and uncomfortable colonoscopies and MRIs with a helping of yogurt followed by a urine test—a cheap method that could improve the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Bhatia is developing synthetic molecules that can be introduced into the body via yogurt, and will interact with cancer in a way that produces telltale biomarkers. These molecules can then be detected easily when passed in urine.

Bhatia previously developed nanoparticles that find their way to tumors, and are then broken into smaller pieces by enzymes produced by the cancer. The broken up particles are small enough to be collected and concentrated by the kidneys, after which they are excreted.

The first iteration of the technique involved the use of lab instruments to analyze urine and find the telltale markers. Now Bhatia has developed a paper-based urine test—like the one you’d use for pregnancy. So far this test has been demonstrated in mice for colorectal cancer and liver fibrosis.

The nanoparticle work, described in a paper earlier this year, requires an injection (see “A Paper Diagnostic for Cancer”). In new, as-yet-unpublished work, Bhatia is developing a way to deliver the nanoparticles by modifying a type of bacteria found in yogurt. The bacteria produces the nanoparticle biomarkers by interacting with a tumor.

Bhatia hopes the approach will “transform diagnostics,” and says she’s in the process of forming a company to commercialize the approach. Because the test requires no specialized equipment, it will be particularly helpful in poor countries, she says, where few people are currently screened for common cancers. But it might also replace or augment colonoscopies.

If detected early, 90 percent of people with colorectal cancer survive for at least five years. But only 40 percent of people are diagnosed early, partly because so few people get screened, according to the American Cancer Society.

Samuel Sia, a professor of biomedical engineering at Columbia University, says Bhatia’s synthetic biomarkers are an “interesting concept” for providing easy and inexpensive cancer tests. He adds that nanoparticle injections have shown good reliability—at least in mice. But without data from clinical trials, he says, “I wouldn’t say this is the solution yet.”

Snap 2014-09-11 at 20.03.19

#

  Alzheimer’s disease

Posted: 15 Aug 2014 02:05 PM PDT

Alanna Shaikh at TED2013, a year after her powerful talk about Alzheimer's disease.

Alanna Shaikh at TED2013, about six months after giving a powerful talk about Alzheimer’s disease and the three strategies she was putting in place in case she should ever get it. Photo: Ryan Lash/TED

Global health expert Alanna Shaikh gave an unexpected and moving talk at TEDGlobal 2012, called “How I’m preparing to get Alzheimer’s.” In it, she told the story of her father’s struggle with the disease, and outlined some strategies she’d devised in case dementia struck her later in life, too. The TED Blog was curious: How is her experiment going?

While most of Shaikh’s goals haven’t exactly gone as planned, in the process, she’s had a lightbulb moment about how to think about dementia—and learned to be a better person, to boot. Here, a conversation about the relationship between kindness and health, and living an enjoyable life in the present while planning for the future.

What have you been up to since your talk went live two years ago?

I talked about three things I was trying to do to prepare for Alzheimer’s: physically preparing by becoming stronger and more flexible, cultivating hobbies that would stick with me through the illness and trying to change who I am to be better and nicer. What really succeeded, weirdly enough, is I honestly think I am a better person. By deliberately choosing to be kind over and over again, it seems to now come naturally to me.

What were you like before?

Very judgmental and critical. I was committed to being a good person, but I wasn’t particularly worried about being a nice person. One of my friends in college told me that his favorite thing about me was I always had something bitchy to say about someone. This is someone who loves me—he meant it as a positive. I don’t think anybody who’s known me in the last couple of years would say that now. Dealing with my dad made me realize how much nice actually matters. And kindness. I had never really thought about what kindness and niceness have to do with each other.

I’ve never thought about that. What is the difference between nice and kind?

Being nice is not making a fuss and letting things happen to you. Not protesting. Whereas kindness is about deliberately giving the best of yourself, and deliberately looking for ways to find the positive in things. The example I give sometimes is this: the office building I used to work in didn’t have enough elevators. So if you wanted to leave the building at any time between 5 and 6pm, it was just packed—the elevator would stop on every floor, it would take forever and it was all sweaty. There were these people on the third floor, and they were always laughing and flirting and holding the elevator for each other, and you’d end up crammed in the corner for five minutes while you waited for them to stop saying goodbye to each other and hugging and whatever. At the beginning, I was like, “Those damned idiots on the third floor—why can’t they just take the stairs?” And then I started deliberately thinking, “No, these are young people enjoying life.” And so I started to think of them as the happy people on the third floor, and then realized that they are just thinking about their lives, not necessarily thinking too much about what it meant to be crammed into the elevator while they said goodbye. I started to try to take that approach to everything, to really look for the positive perspective.

Sounds like generosity of spirit, in a way.

I guess so. Because I’m an expat, I move a lot. So each new place you live is a chance to be the person you are right then. I realized that people who know me where I’m living now in Kyrgyzstan think of me as this very funny, positive, kind person. I love that. It doesn’t feel fake. I think I really am that person now, and I love that I was able to do that. It was the hardest thing for me, thinking, “I can pretend that I’m nice, but can I really become nice?”

Have you thought about kindness and its role in healing and health? Do you think it’s better for us to be kind?

I’ve never thought about that before, but I’m sure it is. For one thing, I think it takes a lot less emotional energy to be kind. Think of me getting off that elevator thinking about the happy people around me, versus me getting off that elevator being all, “Grrrr.” It has to be better for my heart. It has to be better not to get all that cortisol revved up inside of me.

Alanna's father in a happy moment, long after his Alzheimer's had set in. Photo: Alanna Shaikh

Alanna’s father in a happy moment, long after his Alzheimer’s had set in. Photo: Alanna Shaikh

There’s also the question of kindness in the healing professions — the idea that patients are more likely to respond well to compassionate doctors and healers who touch their patients.

I think that’s probably true. In my day job, I’ve been part of a lot of different trainings for physicians, and one of the amazing things we’ve discovered is that the part physicians really love is the interpersonal skills, learning how to talk to their patients gently and kindly. We started including that in basically everything we teach, whether we’re teaching infection control or HIV care or breastfeeding support or whatever. The first component is always, “How do you talk to patients so they’ll listen?” The doctors absolutely love that, because it turns out they’ve been yearning to connect kindly; they just didn’t have the tools. That is the first thing they see results from: talking to their patients differently brings them different results as medical professionals. It seems to bring better outcomes. Often, doctors are afraid that if they are kind they’ll lose their authority, or patients won’t take them seriously, so it’s valuable to have an outsider validate the idea that you can be a respected professional and still be kind and generous to people, and that you don’t have to be stern and harsh to be an authority figure.

Are you still doing the same exercises that you discussed in the talk?

The hobbies didn’t work out as well as I wanted. It turns out I only like making origami boxes, but I really have no interest in making any other kind of origami—zebras or cranes or anything. Everybody who saw the TED Talk gave me origami stuff. I have four books, I have all this paper — and I just make a lot of origami boxes.

That’s probably fine from a cognitive perspective. At this point, I can have a piece of paper in my hands, and be watching TV and look down, and I’ve made a box. So clearly, this is being hardwired into me, and that’s good. That’s probably better than being able to make lots of different things, from a what-if-I-get dementia perspective. But I thought I was going to have this whole fleet of little animals, and it turns out that that’s not me. I can become kinder, but I can’t become a person who likes making origami.

The same thing happened with the knitting. I never made it past being able to knit a blob. I’ve done better with drawing, though. I still draw, and it’s really enjoyable. Connecting to that part of me has been great. And I’ve found myself also taking a lot of pictures, because drawing has me thinking visually. Photography’s not a particularly useful what-if-I-get-Alzheimer’s hobby, but it’s a sign that I’m thinking visually.

When you have Alzheimer’s, what happens when you go to take a picture? Your brain just doesn’t take in what’s on the screen?

At the very end, if you handed my dad a camera, he would’ve held it upside-down or sideways. He just wouldn’t have known what to do with it. But if you gave him a pencil, he could sign his name. My dad was a college professor in a state system, so if you gave him paperwork, he would fill it out, right up until the end. If he saw something that was obviously some sort of bureaucratic form, he’d scribble nonsense on all the lines. So he still knew what to do with a pencil. A pencil was comfortable. But a camera was alien.

What about exercise?

I’ve kept up with weightlifting. Not as regularly as I should, but often enough—I feel like I’m maintaining muscle mass. I’m still a strong and muscular person. And I stopped doing regular yoga, but I miss it, and I’m going back. I was on a very committed schedule, and then my yoga teacher moved, and I was like, “Oh, I’ll use videos,“ but it turned out I wouldn’t. Now I do the sun salutation every other morning, and that’s sort of the extent of it.

In your talk, you seemed pretty positive that you were going to get Alzheimer’s. But what are the statistics, really?

I kind of tune that out, because there are so many unknowns in terms of how exactly my father developed Alzheimer’s. I’m going to have genetic testing done next time I’m in the US long enough to get it. They can determine whether you have the gene that makes you much more susceptible to developing the disease. Basically, if you have the mutation for early-onset Alzheimer’s – -which is what my father had — it’s almost inevitable that you’ll get the disease. Beyond that, testing can’t tell you much.

Alanna Shaikh enjoying drawing with her son. Photo: Alanna Shaikh

Alanna Shaikh enjoying drawing with her son. Photo: Alanna Shaikh

Would it give you an idea of when onset would be?

No, they can’t do that yet.

How old was your father when he started developing symptoms?

In his early 50s.

That’s sobering.

Yeah. I mean, we didn’t know really what the symptoms meant at the time, but in retrospect, you can very clearly see the Alzheimer’s developing.

What were some of the symptoms?

For him, it was disinhibition. He just started acting weird. We thought maybe he had bipolar disorder, as he had some manic episodes, and he started telling dirty jokes he never told before. He started talking about his childhood in Pakistan and India, which he never talked about because it was really traumatic. Those are also things that can happen if you’re having a midlife crisis, so we didn’t recognize it as dementia. It’s not your classic pattern.

It turns out that for people who are highly intelligent, it doesn’t necessarily manifest in the same way, because they’re really good at compensating. They have enough excess cognitive capacity to make up for dropping and losing things, for example. If they’re forgetting words or names, they have the ability to develop mnemonics — that sort of thing.

Have you been doing work with Alzheimer’s since the talk? Did people start approaching you?

They did, and that was one greatest things about doing the talk. I’d really never thought about it before as anything beyond my personal story. I thought, if you’re going to give a TED Talk, you have to tell your best story—and this was my best story, maybe it’d be useful to someone else. It turned out it was really useful to others. I get emailed probably once a week from someone telling me that they saw the talk, and it helped them. That’s just the best feeling, because if you watch the talk, you’ll see it was really, really hard for me to give. It’s good to know that something that was that difficult for me was worth it.

I’ve also met with the Alzheimer’s Association of California about talking to people for them. I’ve been part of a group that’s working to increase attention to neurological disorders. I’ve been contacted by other people who want me to get involved in outreach. I’ve been thinking a lot about how I can get involved in Alzheimer’s advocacy.

But I’ve also been thinking bigger. It was interesting coming at this as an international development person, because all of the people I know in the professional international development sphere saw the talk, came back, and said, “You realize that you’re basically talking about disaster risk reduction. In a lot of ways, you’re talking about the same resilience that you want to build in a community. You’re talking about what do you do if you live in a place that tends to be hit by tornadoes.” So I started thinking more broadly about how to think about a future that isn’t the future you choose. How can you build a life that you’re living right now that prepares you for both the best possible future and the worst possible future? It’s a really, really big topic, and it might be the one I think about for the rest of my life. It’s created this lens for me to look at the world, and to think about the work I do with global health, and how that all comes together into this idea of how to have a good life in the present that also prepares a good life in the future.

Where will you take this idea?

I’m actually in the beginning stages of writing a book, and it’s one of the big themes. When you read the comments on my talk, a lot of people say, “How can you let the future affect your life like that?” “She’s given up, she’s making a mistake.” It was really interesting to me, because people seem to have this idea that your life now would be inherently terrible if you thought about your future too much as you live your daily life. But it seems like the “you” in the future is really going to regret that choice. The future Alanna is going to come back and slap me upside the head if I pretend that she doesn’t exist right now. It seems to be a surprising idea that you can live a good life now that prepares you for a good future. People think of it as a trade-off.

It seems your talk helped you evolve the work already you do into something much bigger.

Yes, I wasn’t expecting that. When I did the talk, I had really never considered Alzheimer’s in the context of global health, even though dementia and its effects on society are part of the global health discussion. My area of specialty is a lot more about primary health care and building health systems. So they were totally separate things in my world. It was almost like people had to point it out to me.

The disconnect between personal and professional was so strong that when people asked me to do advocacy for Alzheimer’s, I’d say no at first. My thought, even as someone who’s at risk, was that I’d rather that money be spent on vaccination for children or something that seems like it would help more people. But as time went on, connecting to so many people about aging and dementia and the future of the health system, I finally realized that there are many things that can be done to help people with dementia that help everyone. It’s not an either/or trade-off. If you help caregivers, then you’re helping moms with young babies and people taking care of the elderly. If you teach health care providers to treat people with kindness, that benefits everyone. Taking health care and the future seriously benefits everyone. There are ways to think about dementia that are not dementia-exclusive. And I don’t think I would ever have had any of those thoughts if it hadn’t been for all the conversations I’ve had since the TED Talk.

I actually wrote the talk at TEDIndia in 2009, while watching one of the speakers. I started thinking, “If I were going to give a TED Talk, what would I say? What about me is interesting?” I realized I was actually doing this thing that’s fairly interesting. And so I wrote down the title, “How I’m Preparing to Get Alzheimer’s,” and then I wrote the entire TED Talk, sitting right there in the audience. I started crying as I wrote everything down.

And what happened with your father?

My dad died about two months after the talk. It’s hard, because people do always ask after my dad, and I have to tell them that. But he saw the talk, and I am glad. I don’t know how much he understood, but he knew it was me on a big stage talking to people — and he was proud of me, and that made him happy.

 

me and garth, big

A video interview about the coasts with Debbie Bronk, NSF Division Director for Ocean Sciences.

 

 

 

Credit: NSF

Dr. Frank Bures: Nicotine addiction is powerful, dangerous.

 

Nicotine is an addicting chemical or drug or substance — or whatever category you choose to call it. It’s likely the most addicting chemical in common human exposure. It is said to be 1,000 times more addictive than alcohol, 10 to 100 more times than barbiturates (rarely used today), and 5 to 10 more times than morphine or cocaine.

Addiction is a repetitive, compulsive behavior that seeks and gets a reward, no matter what the consequences, even when the person is well aware the consequences are bad. Dependence is the state of tissue function that the chemical creates as normal, which then produces a withdrawal syndrome when the chemical is removed.

The feeling of reward induced by any addictive thing happens in our brain in the areas that produce the neurotransmitter between nerves called dopamine. Those areas become sensitized to the chemical, and the dopamine production is increased and sustained. This prods us to want more, especially after a “crash” without it.

Nicotine stimulates a host of brain neurotransmitters, which amplify the behavioral, psychological and physical effects of the drug. First is dopamine, which gives pleasure and suppresses appetite. Then there is acetylcholine, which produces an arousal and enhanced thinking. (I know another dermatologist who said he thought his IQ rose many points when he smoked.)

Next is Vasopressin, which also improves memory. There also are Norepinephrine and serotonin that adds more stimulation. Their interactions are really complex. It only takes seven to eight seconds for inhaled nicotine to reach your brain and react, which is a quick hit.

The withdrawal symptoms from nicotine are familiar to many who have and are trying to quit. The list can include irritability, anger, hostility, anxiety, nervousness, panic, poor concentration, disorientation, lightheadedness, sleep disturbances, constipation, mouth ulcers, dry mouth, sore throat or gums or tongue, limb pain, sweating, depression, fatigue, fearfulness, sense of loss, tobacco craving, hunger, and coughing from the long-term phlegm in damaged airways to name just a few.

These can last a few weeks or several months. I know former smokers who, years after quitting, say they could light up a cigarette just like that, if they think about it. The deleterious medical effects from nicotine are not as many as tobacco but are still many, especially on heart and blood vessels. It increases blood pressure and pulse rate, and saliva and phlegm. If your cardiovascular system is already compromised, nicotine compounds any malfunction.

Nicotine addiction is the second leading cause of death worldwide. It, as well as most other addictions from alcohol or drugs, can be a marker for additional brain disease in the form of a range of mental illnesses. One estimate is that perhaps as many as 60 percent of addicted people have an underlying or secondary disease, from depression to schizophrenia to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Treating more than the addiction might be of far greater benefit and success.

Nicotine has long been felt to be what is called a gateway drug. This means it lowers the threshold for addiction to other chemicals. A new summary in the Sept. 4 New England Journal of Medicine, by one of the originators of the concept, presented the mind-boggling molecular basis for nicotine priming the reward pathways for cocaine specifically, and other drugs by inference. Many people studies have followed nicotine smokers going to marijuana and cocaine, and using both to get a much larger reward effect.

So is there anything good to said about nicotine addiction?

Nope, it sure doesn’t seem so.

One website for nicotine addicts by addicts themselves speaks of nicotine in precisely the same vein as alcohol, as taught by Alcoholics Anonymous and others. Once addicted, your brain tissue is altered for life. Once an addict, always an addict. Try telling that to a teen under peer pressure.

To me, it’s the same problem as advising them about acquiring a tattoo. Once the mark is there, it lasts for your personal eternity. At least brain tissue is not seen by everyone else.

Frank Bures is a semi-retired dermatologist in Winona.

Snap 2014-10-03 at 10.13.23

20 Healthiest Foods on Earth

 

Here are 20 foods that offer the most benefits pound for pound than any other foods on the planet. They not only show up on our massive list of Superfoods they also make it onto plenty of top tens across the Internet, and several have long been known to provide plenty of nutrients and good things for the body. There are a few that you might not be familiar with, so consider this your introduction, and now you can get to know them better in the near future.

spinach

1. Spinach

Much has been written about the virtues of spinach, and rightly so. It’s one of the most nutrient-dense foods you can eat. It’s also readily available at most local supermarkets, and reasonably priced. You can get it fresh in the produce section, or you can buy it frozen in leaf form, and also canned in the canned veggies aisle. The main concern is getting more of it into your system so you can reap all of the positive benefits.

Benefits

Right away spinach is going to go to work for you, providing you with energy, and helping you to fill your stomach without adding a lot of calories to your daily intake. When you factor in the phytonutrients working as antioxidants you’re doing yourself a huge favor with the battle against free radical damage. Not to mention you’re helping to nourish your body on a cellular level, providing increased energy, and it aids any weight loss efforts.

Vitamin Breakdown per Cup – Raw, think fresh leafy greens

Vitamin A – 2813 IU – over half of what you need daily.
Vitamin K – 145mcg – almost twice as much as needed daily.
Folate – 58.2mcg – a good chunk of your daily requirement.

goji berries

2. Goji Berries

Many people are just finding out how good goji berries are for your overall feeling of well-being. You’ll want to find dried goji berries, and not simply rely on a juice or other product claiming to contain goji berries in it. They make a great snack to hold you over between meals, and when compared to drinking phony energy drinks, you can get actual energy from these, and also be introducing plenty of antioxidants into your system.

Benefits

Your immune system gets a dose of support when you eat a serving of goji berries, and you’ll also be helping yourself beat the onslaught of free radicals that occur as a result of a stressful environment and processed foods that don’t offer nutritional support to the body. The benefit that most of us would be interested in is the ability of goji berries to help us fight fatigue. It’s no wonder that our modern lifestyles have us burning the candle at both ends, and by eating a food like these berries you’ll be increasing the amount of time it takes you to wear out.

Vitamin Breakdown per Ounce – Dried, the most commonly found version.

Vitamin A – 170% of your daily value.
Vitamin C – 20% not quite as good as an orange, but still good.
Protein – 4g – a surprising amount of protein for a fruit.

salmon

3. Salmon

What makes this fish so special that it stands apart from all the others? It’s the omega-3 content that does it, and of course it has the benefit that most fish has of being high in protein. Many also prefer the delicate, not-so-fishy flavor of salmon to other fish. You’ll want to stick to Alaskan wild salmon to get the full amount of benefits, and make sure that you’re not eating smoked salmon as it does not have the same nutritional benefits as freshly caught and cooked.

Benefits

For those of you that are strength training, salmon will provide support to your muscle tissue with the protein it contains. The reason the omega-3s are so important is that they provide vital support to your heart and circulatory system. You’ll also receive tertiary benefits in the form of increased memory function and a decrease in the likelihood of degenerative diseases like Alzheimers. It also helps to make your skin and hair look their best.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g – wild Alaskan, seek this out specifically.

Vitamin A – 9% of your daily needs.
Vitamin B1 – 13% of what you need each day, helps with heart health.
Protein – 20g – making this a fantastic protein source for those lifting weights.
Niacin – 42% of your daily needs, helps to keep your skin and hair tip-top.

avocado

4. Avocado

If you’re not already a fan of avocado, you should try adding more of it into your life. It tends to be one of the more expensive items in the produce section, especially if you go the organic route. It can also be a little tricky to pick the right ones and then consume them before they go bad. But you don’t have to eat them everyday in order to benefit from them. Adding one or two a week to your diet would be a great start, and would keep costs down.

Benefits

One of the most referenced benefits of avocado is their amounts of healthy monounsaturated fat. It’s interesting that this is a high-fat fruit, as most of them are very low fat or fat free. These fats actually help you to lose fat, if that’s what you’re trying to do. They also help you to feel fuller longer, and are not the same sort of fats found in a cheeseburger. The carotenoid levels help with eye health, and avocados in general will help stabilize your blood glucose levels so you don’t hit dangerous peaks and valleys.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g – Raw

Monounsaturated fat – 10g – This means roughly 10% of the avocado is healthy fat!
Vitamin B6 – 16% of what you need daily for proper metabolism.
Folate – 22% of your daily requirement, for heart disease prevention.

quinoa

5. Quinoa

Known by vegetarians for several years now, quinoa has been catching on more in the mainstream as a tasty and filling way to complement a meal, or be the foundation of a meal. Even those that follow a no wheat diet can turn to quinoa, although it doesn’t quite appeal to those that have written off grains altogether. If you’re not familiar with how to cook it you can get up to speed quickly, and it’s now readily available at most supermarkets, where once it was a bit rare.

Benefits

You’re getting a quality protein without the cholesterol and fat that can come with animal sources. You’re also getting smart carbs that don’t register very highly on the Glycemic Index, so your body can process them without converting them to fat later. On top of that it doesn’t contain much fat, so you can eat this when following a weight loss plan, and it also keeps you under the limit for calories if you’re watching those.

Vitamin Breakdown per Cup

Fat – 1.9g – A low fat count and low calorie count make this a winner for dieters.
Folate – !0% of your daily requirement, good for maintaining a healthy heart.
Protein 4.4g – A relatively high protein level for a grain.

broccoli

6. Broccoli

The quintessential healthy food, broccoli has often been referenced as a good side item to add to any meal to health things up. Just as long as you don’t smother it in butter or cheese it’s able to retain it’s healthy effects. Steam it up to lock in the flavor, make it easier to eat, and retain as many nutrients as possible. There are only a few buying options when it comes to broccoli, you can get it fresh from the produce aisle or find it in the frozen vegetables section. Either way, opting for organic is a great idea on this one.

Benefits

The fiber in broccoli will help keep things in order, digestively speaking, and it is a good non-dairy source of calcium. The Vitamin C that one serving contains is all that you need for the day, and this will help your body stave off illnesses. The Vitamin K it has doesn’t get much press but is important if you want to keep your bones healthy. It’s great for your eyes and your heart, and can even help to keep cancer away.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g – Raw

Vitamin C – 150% of your daily recommendation, so you’re more than covered.
Vitamin B6 – 10% of what you need to keep your metabolism strong.
Fiber – 2.6g – May not seem like a lot, but it’s a tenth of your daily needs.

almonds

7. Almonds

Almonds provide a go anywhere snacking option that will help you to feel full between meals, and give you the energy you need to start the day. Just make sure that when you choose your almonds you’re not getting the kind that have a lot of salt or oil added like those that are dry roasted. Go for raw almonds, and don’t overeat them because since they’re crunchy and snacky it’s easy to keep munching on them.

Benefits

Almonds are often mentioned by fitness instructors as a way to help feed your muscles, but they also have plenty of other benefits that makes them worthy of making it onto your daily menu. They help prevent heart attacks, and can reduce the amount of bad cholesterol produced in the body. They are a source of healthy fat, and can help your brain function better. If you weren’t on board already they also help to strengthen bones and teeth.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g – Raw Almonds

Iron – 20% of your daily recommendation, for those with an iron deficiency.
Protein – 21g – making them good for enhancing lean muscle.
Vitamin B2 – 59% of what is needed daily, helping to give you that energetic feeling.

beets

8. Beets

Beets are unique because they contain things that are good for you that are only found in beets. What you’re looking for here is the beetroot, and not necessarily the pickled beets you’ll find in jars and on Greek salads. If you’re intimidated by the thought of preparing and cooking beetroot, there are plenty of recipes online that can show you how it’s done. It’s worth the time and effort to start incorporating more beets into your diet.

Benefits

The boron in beets will help put the pep back in your step, sexually speaking. You’ll also feel a general sense of having more energy. They are great for nourishing the brain as well, and can assist in lowering your blood pressure. Because of the broad amount of vitamins and minerals they contain, you can add them to smoothies to instantly up your nutrient count without adding to the calories or fat.

Vitamin Breakdown per Cup

Folate – 27% of what you need to help prevent cancer and heart disease.
Magnesium – 6% of your daily requirement to keep your energy levels up.
Vitamin C – 8% of your daily needs, use other foods on this list to get you there.

sweet potato

9. Sweet Potatoes

Sweet potatoes made it to the big time when they were featured on Oprah has a superfood that was flying under the radar. What’s nice about them is that they easy to cook, with lots of wiggle room for error. They also fill you up, are brimming with vitamins, and contain fiber which is essential for the proper functioning of your digestive system. They are a nice addition to any meal, and can provide instant balance since they fall somewhere between a starch and a vegetable.

Benefits

There are a wide range of benefits for sweet potatoes, but some of the highlights are that they can help to prevent a heart attack, keep your skin looking young, help you to feel relaxed, keep your immune system working well, gives you more energy, and contains antioxidants that can help reduce the amount of breakdown in your body due to free radicals. This is why they consistently make lists of superfoods and healthiest vegetables.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Vitamin A – 384% – almost four times more than the daily recommendation!
Vitamin C – 33% of what you need daily of this powerful antioxidant.
Protein – 2g – a nice source of plant-based protein.

tomatoes

10. Tomatoes

It’s well known that tomatoes are good for the body, and the more research that is done on them the more they seem to rank high on the health-o-meter. There isn’t one specific reason to eat them, because they help with so many different things. They’re also a very versatile food, you can add them fresh to a salad, cook them up into a sauce, or drop them in the blender if you’re making a fruit or vegetable smoothie. Just be careful that you don’t consider eating ketchup or pizza a way to eat more tomatoes.

Benefits

The reason tomatoes get so much attention is that they help with the baddest of the baddies when it comes to health. They can help prevent cancer, and they can fight off heart disease when eaten on a regular basis. The lycopene is believed to be what’s helping to avoid cancer, and an ensemble of vitamins and minerals is responsible for helping your cardiovascular system.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100

Vitamin A – 17% of your daily requirement, an effective antioxidant
Vitamin C – 23% RDV – Helps to round out your daily intake of this essential vitamin.
Vitamin B6 – 5% of your daily needs, helps to metabolize your foods.

kale

11. Kale

A lot of times kale gets lumped together with spinach, but it deserves its own ranking on the list of world’s healthiest foods. While not as ubiquitous as spinach, kale is gaining ground because it is just as healthy, and even more so in some areas. You can use it the same way as spinach, as a healthy side dish. You can also add it to smoothies to make them green and to pack them with vitamins. Some people prefer the taste of kale to spinach, so an extra bonus there.

Benefits

The reason kale is becoming popular is because it helps you fill up without a lot of calories to speak of. It doesn’t have any fat, has plenty of fiber as well as iron and Vitamin K. Because of its antioxidant content you’ll get anti-inflammatory benefits which helps to reduce the symptoms of inflammation, while also helping to avoid the rise of certain diseases. It also helps to restore and maintain an alkaline state.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g – Fresh and Raw, the kind found in the produce aisle.

Vitamin A – Double the amount that’s required daily.
Vitamin C – Twice as much as what you need each day.
Protein – 4.3g – an impressive source of vegetable protein.

raspberries

12. Raspberries

Berries in general are a good source of antioxidants, but raspberries stand out for their impressive concentrations. This makes it a good idea to keep a pack of frozen organic raspberries that you can easily add to your smoothies for a fruity flavor and plenty of vitamins and minerals. Of course you can always get them fresh, but it can be somewhat hard to find decent fresh organic raspberries, and to eat them before they go bad.

Benefits

If you’re watching your weight, you can count on raspberries as a low fat, high fiber way to give you flavor without sacrificing your diet. But aside from any weight loss support they may provide, you’re going to get plenty of positive benefits from the antioxidants, which helps fight free radical damage, and keeps your body running smoothly in general. If you have arthritis there’s a particular reason to increase your consumption of raspberries, as they’ve shown to help with the inflammation causing your symptoms.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Vitamin C – 44% of your RDV, makes it easy to get the rest from other foods.
Calcium – Just 2% of what you need each day, but a non-dairy source to keep in mind.
Iron – 4% – If you start eating more foods on this list, you’ll easily make up the rest.

black beans

13. Black Beans

Black beans are the only bean to make it onto our list of the healthiest foods in the world. They’ve been used in Mexican and Spanish recipes for hundreds of years, and only now is it being discovered how healthy they really are. They are now a popular side dish option at most restaurants, so it’s easy enough to swap out fattening or unhealthy menu items with this super food.

Benefits

It’s commonly understood that fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants, but surprisingly enough black beans contain them as well. Beans in general are good to add to your diet, as they are a carbohydrate that is digested more slowly, so you feel fuller longer and helping to stabilize blood sugar levels. This is crucial for those that have been told they run the risk of getting diabetes, and it also helps weight loss efforts which brings a host of additional benefits. They also contain fiber which helps to regulate your digestive system.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Calcium – 6% – A great non-dairy source of calcium.
Protein – 8.2g – This represents a great source of non-animal protein.
Fat – 0.3g – The low fat content of black beans is great for maintaining a healthy weight.

cantaloupe

14. Cantaloupe

Some think that cantaloupe is a negative calorie food, but whether it is or it isn’t it’s still a great addition to your regular diet. Picking a cantaloupe is easy enough, you simply give it a sniff and see if it smells like ripe cantaloupe or not, you’ll know. There’s also a relatively large window for when you use it, so you can buy it without worrying about it going bad soon. Just make sure that when you first cut it open you finish it off quickly.

Benefits

The main benefit to eating cantaloupe is all the vitamins it contains, most notably Vitamins A and C. These provide powerful antioxidants that your body uses right away to help itself survive in the world we live in and all the stresses that come with it. There are also benefits to your heart and lungs, and it helps you to feel more relaxed. You should also get natural energy from it, which makes it a smarter choice than drinking an energy drink or using a caffeinated pick-me-up.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Vitamin C – 61% of what you need each day, mix it up with other fruits day to day.
Vitamin A – 68% of your daily needs, not a bad start to the day.
Calories – 34 – Calorie counters rejoice!
Fat – 0.2g – Makes it easy to incorporate into several different diet programs.

artichokes

15. Artichokes

Artichokes don’t typically find their way onto many American plates, unless you count spinach artichoke dip as restaurant appetizer. But in order to keep it healthy you’ll have to eat them in their whole form. Try adding them to salads for some Mediterranean flair. They can typically be found in the deli section with things like potato salads and cole slaws. You can opt for canned or jarred varieties, but check the label to see if there is excessive sodium added to the marinade.

Benefits

Not to put too fine a point on it, your insides simply love artichokes. It helps with all sorts of digestive issues, and the fiber it contains keep things moving for you. They also have a healthy dose of Vitamin C, not enough to get you through the day, been when added to an already health-conscious diet you’ll find that it’s easier to meet all of your needs.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Vitamin C – 20% of what’s needed each day for most adults.
Protein – 3.3g – Another good source of plant-based protein.
Fiber – 5.4g – A fifth of the fiber needed each day. Be sure to mix it up!

watermelon

16. Watermelon

Who would have thought that this summertime treat is also one of the healthier foods you can have? Just be sure not to overdo it here, because it still contains sugars, even though they are all-natural, they can still cause a spike in insulin levels if you consume too much at one time.

Benefits

Although most people enjoy eating watermelon, and have a rough idea that it’s good for them since it’s a fruit, they aren’t sure exactly what it’s doing behind the scenes, or how great it is. First, it rivals tomatoes with its levels of lycopene, a very helpful in battling two big killers: heart disease and cancer. Aside from that it’s also a good source of other vitamins that are known to help cut down on free radical damage. It’s almost entirely fat free, so you can enjoy it without the guilt, as long as you consider the sugar as stated earlier.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Vitamin A – 11% – Like any fruit worth its salt, it boosts your vitamin levels.
Vitamin C – 14% – Helping you to get to your daily intake of Vitamin C.
Fat – 0.1 – The most fat-free fruit we’ve seen.

grapefruit

17. Grapefruit

Grapefruit came into true prominence as a health food when it was included in the diet for recovering heart surgery patients. But it really does have a lot going for it, nutritionally speaking, and is worth a place in your kitchen, either as a breakfast item, or a between meals snack. The nice thing about buying them is they’re usually readily available in the produce section along with the other citrus fruits. You can also pick up some oranges, for while they didn’t make this list, they’re still a bonafide superfood.

Benefits

The high levels of Vitamin C and carotenoids are what gives grapefruit its bang for the buck. The reason it’s can be such a healthy start to your day is because it’s giving your body a one up on all the free radicals that might be present, or that might be introduced as you go about your day. If you make this part of your daily routine, you can work to prevent things like cancer and other degenerative diseases because you helped your body stay fighting strong day by day.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Vitamin A – 23% – While Vitamin C gets a lot of attention, A is also important.
Vitamin C – 52% – Not bad, getting half your needs met with one serving.
Fiber – 1.6g – Considered a good source of fiber as well.

 

asparagus

18. Asparagus

Asparagus should make it onto your plate on a pretty regular basis. It makes a great addition to a meal, like a side to salmon or other lean meats. The best way to prepare it seems to be to steam it, which locks in the flavor, makes it easy to chew up, as well as keeps the nutrients intact. Opt for organic if you can, and find it fresh in the produce section, or frozen in the frozen vegetable aisle.

Benefits

Asparagus is a good detoxifying vegetable, and has a diuretic effect, helping to purge the body of excess water, and flush toxins. Because of all of the vitamins and minerals it packs, it provides anti-aging benefits when eaten on a regular basis. The antioxidants will help lessen free radical damage, which can help you avoid all sorts of diseases and conditions if left unchecked. It can also help you stay sharp, by providing nourishment to the brain.

Vitamin Breakdown per 100g

Vitamin A – 20% – The ever-present Vitamin A makes another appearance on our list.
Protein – 2.4g – a good source of vegetable protein.
Fiber – 2g – may not seem like a lot, but ranks has a high fiber food.

kelp

19. Kelp

You might feel like a whale when you eat kelp, but you won’t grow to the size of one. In fact, since it’s pretty hard to come by in stores, most people turn to a kelp supplement to get the benefits from it. This makes it more easy to consume, since it’s not easy to buy, store, and prepare it. Whichever way you decide to add it to your diet, you’ll want to make sure that you

Benefits

Depending on who you ask there are varying benefits to kelp. Be sure that you’re getting your information from a source that isn’t trying to sell you a kelp supplement. The calcium in kelp appears to be what gets the spotlight, outdoing one of the most commonly thought of food items when it comes to calcium: milk. It also features an assortment of vitamins and minerals, and since it comes from the ocean, it’s a different makeup than land-based vegetables, with different varieties of phytonutrients.

Vitamin Breakdown per Cup

Folate – 396mcg – almost too much, so you don’t have to eat a lot.
Vitamin K – 145mcg – covers you for the day, and then some, so one serving is enough.
Sodium – 513mg – one potential drawback to consider if on a low-sodium diet.

 

cabbage

20. Cabbage

Cabbage has been a widely known “health food” for decades now, and it seems the more studies they run on it, the better it looks. One of the easiest and tastiest ways to eat more cabbage is to make a soup out of it. You can also steam it for a great side dish to any meal. One tip: cut it into smaller pieces so it cooks quicker and is easier to eat.

Benefits

The fiber in cabbage will help to keep your digestive system operating at its full potential. The antioxidants are the key on this one as well as almost all of the items on this list, doing battle with the free radicals that occur as a result of stress and other factors. If you struggle with high cholesterol you’ll want to pay extra attention to cabbage as a way to keep it under control. It can also help to prevent or deter cancer due to its high levels of glucosinolates.

Vitamin Breakdown per Cup

Vitamin C – 61% – A surprising source of Vitamin C since it usually is associated with fruits.
Folate – 11% – You’ll want to make sure you get just enough, and cabbage really helps.
Protein – 1.3g – Not too much protein, but an interesting source that you might not have known.

20 Healthiest Foods on Earth- for your health & wellness.

Remember, these are just the big dogs when it comes to the healthiest foods out there. You can make an effort to include them in your daily diet, but don’t think that these are all you can have. The best way to eat is by giving your body what it needs from several different sources, while still hitting all of the most important vitamins and minerals. Keeping it balanced is also important, and there’s no need to “overdose” on certain foods just because they’re good for you.

Now that you know the superfoods you should be eating, take a look at which foods you should be avoiding.

 

Snap 2014-09-23 at 11.00.16